The most common type of aluminum used to can soda is 3004 and 3104 aluminum alloy, both with 95% to 98% aluminum and other elements like manganese (1.0% to 1.5%) and magnesium (0.8% to 1.3%). Both are utilized for their strength, resistance to corrosion, and lightness, which make them the ideal alloys for containing beverages.
The typical 12-ounce soda can weighs approximately 13.5 grams with an average thickness of 0.097 mm to 0.115 mm. The lightweight makes it possible for manufacturers to reduce material use by over 30% compared to 1970s soda cans, creating significant cost savings in mass production. With more than 200 billion aluminum cans produced worldwide every year, the adoption of aluminum alloy directly affects manufacturing efficiency and cost-effectiveness.
The deep drawing and ironing (D&I) process, used in the production of soda cans, requires aluminum that can endure high-pressure forming without fracture. The 3004 alloy is used to produce the can body, which possesses a high elongation property to withstand the 90 psi (pounds per square inch) pressure of carbonated soft drinks. The 3104 alloy, which is the usual material for the pull-tab and the ends of cans, adds tensile strength and impact resistance, keeping the can from easily denting when being shipped and stored.
Recycling plays a crucial role in determining the type of aluminum used in soda cans. More than 70% of aluminum cans worldwide are manufactured with recycled content, which is cost-saving and environmentally friendly. Recycling consumes 95% less energy compared to manufacturing new aluminum from bauxite ore. In the United States alone, more than 105 billion soda cans are recycled annually, creating a circular economy where an old can returns to the market within 60 days.
For corrosion and metal contamination prevention, the soda cans are covered with a polymeric or epoxy coating, typically between 1 to 2 microns. The coating prevents the aluminum from coming into contact with acidic products like cola and citrus sodas, protecting the product. With rising health and environmental concerns, the majority of manufacturers have moved towards BPA-free coatings, which increase production costs by 5% to 15% but meet stringent regulatory tests.
The global soda can industry relies on aluminum suppliers such as Novelis, Ball Corporation, and Ardagh Group that invest in strong aluminium alloys to ensure highest strength with lower costs. Development on material efficiency and manufacturing technology continues to improve the soda cans of today to be lighter, stronger, and more recyclable than any previous generation.
Selecting the right grade of aluminum in soda cans offers a perfect blend of strength, recyclability, and cost-effectiveness. More details about aluminum alloys used in soda cans can be found at type of aluminum in soda cans.